Analysis using panel data suggests property rights enforcement impacts entrepreneurship, highlighting a U-shaped relationship.
This article examines the relationship between the quality of property rights institutions and entrepreneurial activity, using panel data from 90 countries between 2004 and 2018. The results provide evidence of a U‐shaped association: at low levels of property rights enforcement, entrepreneurship rates are elevated because of necessity‐driven activity; as institutions improve moderately, total entrepreneurship initially declines but, at higher levels of property rights protection, opportunity‐driven entrepreneurship rises, increasing overall entrepreneurial activity.
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Leonel A Regalado Cardoso (2025) studied this question.
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