Clinical Research Progress of Perioperative Hidden Blood Loss in Elderly Patients with Femoral Intertrochanteric Fractures

Intertrochanteric fracture of femur is a common type of fracture in elderly patients with osteoporosis. At present, this fracture is mainly treated by surgery. With the advancement of medical technology, trochanteric fracture can be completed by minimally invasive intramedullary nailing in a short time and with low blood loss. With the popularization of this technique, many clinicians found that the decrease of hemoglobin after intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients was not proportional to the amount of intraoperative bleeding, suggesting that there was a large amount of hidden blood loss in addition to intraoperative bleeding during perioperative period. Excessive blood loss affects the prognosis and even leads to patient death. It is also found that the patient's own health status, operation timing, preoperative use of anticoagulant drugs, fracture site, fracture type, anesthesia method, operation time, surgical internal fixation method and other factors are closely related to hidden blood loss, and blood transfusion, tranexamic acid, erythropoietin, iron, traditional Chinese medicine, pressure dressing, ice compress treatment, etc. are often used to treat hidden blood loss. Therefore, this article reviews the related research progress of hidden blood loss in elderly intertrochanteric fracture.