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Field analysis reveals correlations of penetration rate with N-value and fines content in soft ground tunneling, indicating significant impacts on construction processes.
Abstract In the practice of soft ground tunneling, the penetration rate ( PR ) of slurry TBM (STBM) in soft ground tunneling is usually estimated on the basis of experience of practitioners. A guideline that can be used to predict PR of STBM in soft ground tunneling is not available. The problem stems from the little understanding of the effects of ground type and conditions. Evaluation of such effects is approached in this paper through the use of field records of actually constructed tunnels. N-value ( N ) of SPT and fines content ( F c ) of ground are presented and used to represent the type and conditions of ground excavated by STBM. A good correlation is established between N and PR . This correlation reveals that PR increases exponentially with the increase of N . Another correlation is established between F c and PR . This correlation indicates that PR decreases exponentially with the increase of F c . Implications of the developed correlations for actual construction of tunnels are illustrated.
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El-Kelesh et al. (2025) studied this question.
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