Findings reveal Lactobacillus activates IL-17A production in γδ T cells, suggesting it enhances resistance to bacterial infections.
In this study, we report for the first time that pulmonary commensal Lactobacillus, specifically L. plantarum and L. murinus, activate Vγ4⁺ γδ T cells to secrete IL-17A, thereby mitigating susceptibility to Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Additionally, we identified the metabolite of L. plantarum and L. murinus, extracellular polysaccharides, as the key immunomodulatory molecules. This research highlights the importance of pulmonary commensals in the regulation of anti-infection immunity and provides a theoretical foundation for clinical studies on the role of lung microbiota in combating infections. Video Abstract.
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Zhang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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