The role of genomic‐informed risk assessments in predicting dementia outcomes

INTRODUCTION By integrating genetic and clinical risk factors into genomic‐informed dementia risk reports, healthcare providers can offer patients detailed risk profiles to facilitate understanding of individual risk and support the implementation of personalized strategies for promoting brain health. METHODS We constructed an additive score comprising the modified Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia Risk Score (mCAIDE), family history of dementia , apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, and an Alzheimer's disease (AD) polygenic risk score in National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Iniative (ADNI), and assessed its association with progression to all‐cause dementia. RESULTS A total of 81% of participants had at least one high‐risk indicator for dementia, with each additional risk indicator linked to a 34% increase in the hazard of dementia onset. DISCUSSION We found that most participants in memory and aging clinics had at least one high‐risk indicator for dementia. Furthermore, we observed a dose‐response relationship where a greater number of risk indicators was associated with an increased risk of incident dementia. Highlights Compiled genomic‐informed dementia risk report of genetic and clinical risk factors. Most memory clinic patients have at least one high‐risk indicator for dementia. A higher risk indicator burden is associated with a greater dementia risk.