Woody plants supporting insect pollinators in Chagga home Gardens, Northern Tanzania

Insects play a great role in the pollination of flowers in many agricultural systems, and they rely on floral resources for their survival. However, a significant decline and extinction of these crucial insects have been witnessed globally as a result of fragmentation and/or loss of their habitat such as floral resources using data from the Chagga home garden (CHGs), we aimed at (1) examining the composition and species richness of pollinator forage plants in the CHGs, (2) determining how elevation affects the diversity of pollinator forage species in CHG, (3) determining the temporal availability of pollinator forage plants in the CHGs, (4) determining the pollinator groups foraging on the plants in the CHGs, (5) determining the type of floral rewards for the insect pollinators in CHGs. It was observed that: (1)of the 302 wood species in the CHGs, 293 (97%) from 62 families were pollinator forage of which 170 species (58.02%) were trees while 123 species (41.98%) were shrubs; (2) pollinator forage species diversity decreased with increase in elevation gradient; (3) Flowering of the pollinator forage plants was spread throughout the year; (4) Bees were the most dominant group of plant visitors, visiting about 93% of the plants; (5) the majority of plants provided both pollen and nectar to insect pollinators. The results from this study suggest that traditional agroforestry systems such as Chagga home gardens can contribute to increasing the spatial and temporal availability of diverse floral resources for insect pollinators. published by the Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences | JBES