Innovative treatment approaches for paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder

OCD remains the only psychiatric disorder in which a childhood syndrome, PANDAS, has led to immune-based hypotheses that influenced adult research and treatment. Despite promising signals from small trials and case studies, robust pediatric data are scarce. Future efforts should prioritize large-scale, age-specific trials, early stratification based on immune profiles, and mechanistically guided interventions to advance personalized care in pediatric OCD.