Cross-sectional analysis reveals high asthma and COPD prevalence linked to older adults, indicating a need for integrated management approaches.
CRDs affect a substantial proportion of Iranian adults, with higher prevalence observed among older individuals, females, smokers, and those with cardiometabolic comorbidities. These findings highlight the need for targeted prevention strategies, enhanced disease surveillance, and integrated management approaches within Iran's primary healthcare system. Given the cross-sectional design and shared upstream exposures, associations should not be interpreted causally; observed co-morbidities may largely reflect common determinants.
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Rashidi et al. (2025) studied this question.
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