Systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate TENS reduces pain and opioid usage in orthopedic surgery, highlighting personalized pain management strategies.
TENS is effective in alleviating acute postoperative pain and reducing opioid requirements in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. However, its analgesic benefit may be attenuated in patients receiving PCA, which should be carefully considered in clinical decision-making and individualized pain management strategies.
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Yang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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