Tectonic Layering of the Platform Cover and Pre-Plate Complex of the Scythia–Turanian Plate in the Caspian Sea

Tectonic dislocations of the pre-plate Permian–Triassic complex and in the overlapping platform cover of the northern part of the Caspian Sea have been studied. The tectonic stratification of the pre-plate complex has been established due to the development of gentle thrusts and disruptions in its section. Their formation is associated with the collisional processes that accompanied the closure of the residual basins of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. In its subsequent development, the young platform periodically experienced horizontal compression, which led to the resumption of movement along the buried thrusts. As a result, asymmetric anticlines were formed in the sediments of the cover in the frontal parts of the thrusts. In addition to this type of structure, numerous layered tectonic faults and rootless anticlines have been identified in the sediments of the plate complex. The largest of the faults, experiencing the transformation of horizontal displacements into vertical ones in the head parts of the plates, penetrated into the overlying sediments, tearing the sedimentary cover to its full capacity. The reason for their formation is the transgressive effect of tangential stresses transmitted to the platform from the area of the Alpine progeny of the Caucasus. The important role of tectonic deformations in the formation of oil and gas accumulations in the pre-plate complex and platform sediments is shown.