Comparative Evaluation of Radioprotective Efficacy of Metal Complexes of Glutathione, Cystamine and B-190 (Indralin) under Different Temperature Conditions in Experiments on Mice

The search for new radioprotective agents effective in different ambient temperature conditions remains an urgent task of modern radiation pharmacology. In this connection, the aim of the present work was a comparative evaluation of the radioprotective efficiency of metal complexes of glutathione, cystamine and B-190 (indralin) under conditions of normal, reduced and extremely low temperatures in experiments on mice. The objects of the study were water-soluble metal complexes of glutathione with zinc and lithium synthesized at Research and Production Center “Pharmaceutical Protection” of FMBA of Russia. Cystamine and B-190 (indralin) were used as comparison preparations. To model acute radiation injury, mice were subjected to total single relatively uniform X-ray exposure on the RUM-17 machine at doses of 6.5-8.5 Gy (LD) at normal (+20°С), reduced (+6°С) and extremely low (-16°С) ambient temperatures. As a result of these studies, it was found that the application of the studied glutathione metal complexes 15 min before acute exposure to X-ray allows to increase the survival rate of irradiated mice and the average life expectancy of animals killed by irradiation. At normal ambient temperature, the zinc and lithium metal complexes of glutathione are inferior to the radioprotective effect of cystamine and B-190 (indralin). In conditions of low and extremely low temperatures, when the radioprotective effect of cystamine and B-190 (indralin) was reduced, the expression of the radioprotective effect of glutathione metal complexes is preserved and becomes comparable to the radioprotective effect of the comparison radioprotectors. The obtained data testify to the promising development of new radioprotective agents based on glutathione metal complexes.