Prospective analysis shows no increase in complications without drains in TOETVA, suggesting potential for reduced hospitalization time.
Routine drain placement may not be necessary in TOETVA patients, as omission of drains did not increase complication rates and was associated with shorter hospitalization in our cohort. Prospective multicenter studies are required to validate the optimal criteria for selective drain use.
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Jiang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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