Geometric Origin of the Fine-Structure Constant from Vacuum Correlation Volume

We propose that the numerical value of the fine-structure constant α −1 ≃ 137 emerges from geometric saturation of the electromagnetic vacuum’s information capacity. Modeling the coupling as an occupation fraction of distinguishable field configurations within a finite correlation volume yields a renormalization-group equation whose infrared fixed point is determined by vacuum correlation structure. Matching to the experimentally measured value α(me) gives α∗ −1 = 137.0 ± 13.3, consistent with observation. This provides a testable, non-anthropic mechanism for the value of α, with verification possible via lattice QCD calculations of vacuum correlations.