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Observational analysis reveals Fenton reactions and oxidation processes in carbonated water, suggesting advanced methods may enhance pollutant treatment.
Reactions of ferrous iron (Fe(II)) with oxidants (O₂, H₂O₂, and persulfate) in the presence of bicarbonate affect the Fenton and Fenton-like reactions in water treatment at neutral pH through the formation of the carbonate radical anion (CO₃•-) rather than only the usually accepted hydroxyl radical (HO•) or sulfate radical anion (SO₄•-). Mechanisms of such a direct formation of CO₃•- in reactions of low-valent iron with oxidants are presented. The reactivity of ferrate (Fe(VI)) enhanced the oxidation of pollutants in carbonate-rich water, and herein, the role of carbonate in high-valent iron-based oxidations is discussed. Advanced oxidation methods, based on HO• treatments and reactions occurring in natural waters and water-containing aerosol particles, should consider these overlooked reactions in inorganic carbon-containing environments.
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Sharma et al. (2025) studied this question.
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