Association Between Helicobacter Pylori Infection and the Presence of Thyroid Nodules in a Sample of Euthyroid Egyptian Population

Background Thyroid nodules present a common clinical problem. Palpable nodules are present in about 5% of the population and are noted incidentally on ultrasound in up to 70% of people. Thyroid nodules are four times more common in women than in men with prevalence increases with age and body mass index. Several studies have focused on the relationships between metabolic syndrome, thyroid enlargement with insulin resistance and increase in the thyroid nodule rate. Aim of the Work To investigate the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and the presence of thyroid nodules in the euthyroid Egyptian population. Patients and Methods This study is a Cross sectional study and the total of 50 subjects with thyroid nodules were participated from outpatient endocrinology clinic at Ain Shams university hospitals between March 2024 and December 2024 and randomly selected according to the study inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results Most of our patients are H. pylori positive. There is no statistically significant relation between the presence of H. pylori antigen in stool and key demographic factors, such as age, sex, education level, smoking status, marital status, or number of offspring. There is statistically significant relation between presence of positive H. pylori antigen in stool and levels of FT3, FT4 and TSH with p-value = 0.006, 0.003 and 0.015; respectively. There is statistically significant relation between presence of positive H. pylori antigen in stool and levels of TPO, ESR and CRP with p-value = 0.005, 0.018 and <0.001; respectively. There is statistically significant relation between H.pylori and TIRADS score of the nodule with p value (>0.05). There is statistically significant relation between H.pylori and nodular number, component, echogenicity and size with p value = 0.049, 0.014,0.024 and 0.005; respectively. Conclusion In our study, we investigated the potential association between Helicobacter pylori infection and the presence of thyroid nodules in a euthyroid Egyptian population. Our study demonstrated no statistically significant relationship between the presence of H. pylori antigen in stool and key demographic factors, such as age, sex, education level, smoking status, marital status, or number of offspring.