Some Properties of Modified Concrete Against Traditional Concrete

Concrete has evolved significantly from its traditional formulations, integrating sustainable practices to meet modern construction demands. This study compares the performance and environmental impact of traditional concrete with modified concrete, where 10–50% of cement was replaced with clay pozzolana. Both formulations targeted a characteristic strength of 30 MPa and were subjected to mechanical, durability, and environmental evaluations. Mechanical testing focused on compressive strength, revealing that replacements of 20–30% clay pozzolana achieved the desired strength within 28 days, while higher replacements (30–50%) required extended curing. Durability assessments, including water absorption, porosity, and chloride penetration, showed reduced transport behavior in mixes with 20–30% pozzolana. However, all mixes demonstrated comparable resistance to chloride penetration relative to the control per the ASTM C1202 classification. Environmental impact analysis highlighted a significant reduction in carbon emissions, ranging from 8% to 42%, with increasing clay pozzolana content. Further studies are recommended to investigate the effect of extended curing on transport behaviors and environmental impact.