Exploring the Influence of a Diabetes Specialty Outpatient Clinic on Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes in Barbados: A Qualitative Study

Objectives This study explored the perceptions of adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) regarding their self‐management and the impact of a diabetes specialty outpatient clinic on their quality of life (QOL) in Barbados. Design A qualitative, descriptive–interpretive study using semi‐structured online interviews. Setting Paediatric diabetes specialty outpatient clinic at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital (QEH), Barbados. Participants Twelve adolescents aged 13–17 years with T1DM for > 1 year who attended the diabetes specialty outpatient clinic for at least 6 months. Methods Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded using ATLAS.ti 23, and analysed thematically using a constant comparison approach. Results Three organising themes—autonomy, internal resilience and clinic and social support—contributed to the global theme of diabetic health literacy. Participants demonstrated varied levels of diabetes self‐management confidence. Clinic interactions, family support and peer understanding were key influences on autonomy and resilience. Adolescents identified a need for age‐appropriate communication and psychosocial support. Conclusions Diabetic health literacy among Barbadian adolescents is influenced by clinical support, psychosocial resources, and educational strategies. Adolescents’ autonomy should be fostered through youth‐centred approaches that enhance self‐efficacy and support transition readiness.