Protective Role of Zingiber officinale Extract on Acrylamide‐Induced Toxicity in Rat Testes: Immunohistochemical, Histomorphological, Biochemical, and Sperm Analysis

Acrylamide (ACA), a common food and industrial toxin, impairs male reproduction through oxidative stress, hormonal disruption, and apoptosis. This study evaluated the effects of Zingiber officinale (ginger; GING), a natural antioxidant, on testicular changes, including histomorphological, biochemical, and immunohistochemical aspects, as well as sperm quality in rats exposed to ACA. Thirty‐two adult male rats were randomly divided into four groups ( n = 8 per group): control (1 mL distilled water), ACA (10 mg/kg), GING (200 mg/kg), and ACA + GING (co‐treatment). The sample size was determined based on previous toxicological studies and provided sufficient statistical power for intergroup comparisons. All treatments were administered orally once daily for 52 days. The findings demonstrated that ACA harmed sperm quality and testicular health, while GING improved them and preserved testicular structure ( p = 0.001). GING restored testosterone, FSH, and LH levels disrupted by ACA, significantly increasing testosterone and normalizing FSH and LH concentrations to values close to the control values ( p = 0.001). ACA increased MDA and decreased TAC, reduced BCL‐2, and elevated p53 and TNF‐α levels in the testes. GING reversed these effects ( p = 0.001). Ginger extract mitigates ACA‐induced testicular damage by enhancing antioxidant defenses, restoring hormonal balance, and suppressing apoptosis and inflammation, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits against ACA‐related male infertility.