Single-cell immune profiling reveals enhanced immune fitness of endogenous and engineered T cells in patients with high-risk smoldering myeloma compared to Relapsed/Refractory myeloma following bispecific antibodies or CAR-T cell therapies.
Single-cell sequencing shows improved immune responses to bispecific antibodies and CAR-T cells in high-risk smoldering myeloma, indicating more favorable outcomes.
Key Points
To evaluate immune fitness in patients with high-risk smoldering myeloma (HRSMM) compared to those with relapsed/refractory myeloma (RRMM) after immunotherapies.
Conducted single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing on blood and bone marrow samples.
Compared immune responses in patients with HRSMM and RRMM after CAR-T cell and bispecific antibody treatments.
Analyzed T cell profiles, including stemness genes and activation markers post-treatment.
HRSMM patients had a higher frequency of CAR-T cells with a CD4+ phenotype expressing stemness genes.
At Day 28, HRSMM patients' CAR-T cells showed less exhaustion and more polyclonal nature than RRMM patients.
Significant upregulation of T cell activation markers was only observed in HRSMM patients.