Observational analysis indicates oral squamous cell carcinoma with oral submucous fibrosis shows worse prognosis, highlighting the need for tailored treatment approaches.
OSCC with OSF displays more aggressive tumor biological behavior and worse prognosis, which contributed by a more suppressive immune microenvironment marked by elevated levels of IL-17, Treg cells, and PD-1/PD-L1 expression. These results highlight the need for tailored treatment approaches in managing OSCC in patients with OSF.
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Sreekissoon et al. (2025) studied this question.
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