Class III evidence shows prenatal exposure to valproic acid raises congenital anomalies risk, suggesting medication caution.
This study provides Class III evidence that prenatal exposure to valproic acid increases the risk of overall congenital anomalies while other ASMs, including carbamazepine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, and topiramate, do not increase the risk of overall congenital anomalies.
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Kim et al. (2025) studied this question.
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