What question did this study set out to answer?

The study aims to quantify the economic impact of residency training on public hospital budgets in Italy.

December 9, 2025Updates in SurgeryOpen Access

Invisible assets: quantifying the hidden economic value of residency training in Italian public hospitals

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Budget Impact Analysis reveals residency training promotes workforce planning and economic sustainability in hospitals.

The study aims to quantify the economic impact of residency training on public hospital budgets in Italy.
Conducted a deterministic Budget Impact Analysis over 12 months from the hospital perspective
Compared costs with attending-only workforce versus resident-integrated configuration
Included factors such as full-cost FTE, resident productivity, and supervision shares
Addressed uncertainty using Monte Carlo probabilistic sensitivity analysis
Integration of residents reduced annual personnel expenditure by 40–50%
Replacing 40% of attending FTEs saved a mean of €240,000
Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness of savings across staffing variations and productivity rates

Brucchi et al. (2025) studied this question.

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