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December 8, 2025Scientific Reports3 citationsOpen Access

An improved hybrid image steganography method using AES algorithm

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SBSyeda Zahra BanooriAKAbdullah KhanSRShahid Rahman

Key Points

  • Improved reliability reduces information loss in image steganography, enhancing security against different attacks.
  • Experimental results showed better metrics like PSNR, SSIM, and RMSE, demonstrating effectiveness of the proposed method.
  • Using a combination of LSB substitution, transposition, magic matrix, and AES algorithm ensures high-quality concealed messages.
  • This method's effectiveness is validated against channel noise and JPEG compression; further assessments support its robustness.

Abstract

Image steganography is the process of hiding information, which can be text, image, or video inside a cover image. Recent steganography literature hasn't addressed the problem of loss of secret information during extraction and reliability. Hence, to reduce information loss and provide reliability between in the basic criteria, Herein, we proposed a hybrid method that utilizes the least significant bit (LSB) substitution, transppsition, magic matrix, key and Advance Encrytion Standard (AES) algorithm. The LSB method decreases embedding errors by implementing a new value difference algorithm. In addition, to improves the reliability between the basic criterion for image steganography we used transposition, magic matrix, key and AES. The proposed method ensures a high-quality image format in the RGB color model to conceal the hidden message within the cover image which is jpeg. The proposed hybrid method performed several experiments and these are mainly based on quality assessment metrics such as PSNR, SSIM, RMSE, NCC, etc. which showed better results. The proposed method also analyzed with different perspectives in terms of different dimensions of images and different sizes of message text which showed better results. In addition, the performance of the proposed method showed better results based on (regular and singular) steganalysis, noise, and cropping attacks. The security analyses such as key space, differential, and statistical attacks show that the proposed scheme is secure and robust against channel noise and JPEG compression.

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Cite This Study

Banoori et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69401f002d562116f28f9d04https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-28140-0
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