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Observational analysis reveals challenges of differential diagnosis in patients, suggesting that assessment without testing can be effective.
Neuropsychological competency examinations usually observe clinicians in a controlled environment with comprehensive information, similar to demonstrating swimming skills in a swimming pool. However, neuropsychologists should also be able to swim in the ocean, where the setting is not well controlled, comprehensive information may not be available, and the waters are often murky, such as when assessing patients where standardized testing is not possible. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
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William Stiers (2025) studied this question.
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