Application of mRNA Vaccines in Children's Vaccination: Technical Advantages, Clinical Practice and Future Challenges

Aim To summarise the current paediatric applications of Message RNA (mRNA) vaccines and to identify the key efficacy, safety, and future challenges that must be solved before routine childhood use can be expanded beyond Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Methods PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched (up to May 2025) for clinical studies of mRNA vaccines administered to children aged 0–17 years. Search terms combined “mRNA vaccine” with “child”, “infant”, “adolescent”, “paediatric”, “safety”, “immunogenicity”, and “trial”. Results COVID‐19 and RSV mRNA vaccines have effectively reduced the incidence rate among certain age groups of children, while serious adverse events or deaths were rarely observed. Most trials about mRNA vaccines are mainly conducted among adults. More studies are needed to explore the long‐term safety and efficacy of mRNA vaccines in children. Conclusion mRNA vaccines offer rapid, precise, and child‐tailored protection, but robust longitudinal data and public‐science frameworks are urgently needed before their promise can be fully translated into routine paediatric prevention strategies.