Association Between Complete Blood Count and the Lipoxygenase Pathway in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Background: Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases worldwide, yet little is known about the role of lipid mediators in its pathogenesis. This study investigated whether there is a link between complete blood count (CBC) and arachidonic acid (AA) derivatives resulting from the activation of lipoxygenases (LOX) in 39 female patients with HT. Material and Methods: Blood samples were used as the research material. Liquid chromatography was employed to analyze the lipid mediators. Results: Neutropenia, lymphopenia and basopenia were observed in the women studied. An increase in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and low haematocrit (HCT) and hemoglobin (HGB) levels were also noted. The highest amounts of hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (5S-HETE, 12S-HETE and 15S-HETE) and 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxo-ETE) were observed in the study group. The strongest positive correlations were observed between the acids and C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophils (NEUT), and eosinophils (EOS). Furthermore, significant correlations between eicosanoids and anthropometric parameters were also presented. Conclusions: Eicosanoids may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of HT, affecting complete blood count. Further research in this area could lead to the development of new diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies, including those aimed at the anticancer treatment of this gland.