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CFD simulations reveal that particle shapes significantly affect flow behavior, indicating the need for better design practices in fluid dynamics.
The study investigates the complex relationship between particle morphology and hydrodynamic behavior through CFD simulations using OpenFOAM’s simpleFoam solver. Three distinct particle shapes—elongated, rounded, and angular were analyzed in the laminar regime. A comprehensive morphological characterization was performed using various descriptors to identify the most influential parameter governing flow behavior. The pressure and viscous drag components in the X, Y, and Z directions were quantified for flows parallel to the major and minor particle axes. The results demonstrate a significant dependence of morphology on hydrodynamic forces and flow characteristics. A clear trend of drag force components with the morphology indices was observed. Elongated particles exhibited the most pronounced orientation-dependent behavior. However, particles with a higher Corey shape factor had the most consistent behavior across different flow directions.
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Manjunath et al. (2025) studied this question.