Discursive Constructions in Macbeth: A Systemic-Functional Contribution to English Language Teaching

Literary texts invite close attention to how language constructs meaning and guides interpretation. This study explores the representation of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth in Shakespeare’s Macbeth through the framework of Systemic Functional Linguistics, with particular focus on the Attitude subsystem of Appraisal Theory. By analysing selected passages from Acts I and V, the research traces how evaluative language shapes the characters’ portrayal at decisive points in the play. The analysis reveals that Macbeth’s progression from admired warrior to tyrant, and Lady Macbeth’s shift from resolute instigator to guilt-ridden figure, are realised through distinct evaluative choices. These findings highlight the value of literature as a resource for English language teaching, not merely as cultural content but as a site of linguistic meaning-making. Approaching literary discourse in this way supports the integration of literary and linguistic literacy, enabling learners to develop both critical interpretive skills and greater sensitivity to language in use.