Historical analysis reveals significant earthquakes and geological influences in Assam's seismic zone, suggesting vulnerability due to tectonic activity.
The geology of Assam has played a significant role in the occurrence of notable earthquakes in the region. In a broad regional geological point of view the Assam Arakan basin is within the tectonically active region with the presence of the triple plate junction and there are many records of major earthquakes with a magnitude of above 7 in Richter scale. Major earthquakes in Assam are caused by intense tectonic activity from the collision of the Indian Plate with Eurasian & Burmese plates, creating numerous active faults like the Kopili Fault, Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), and Main Boundary Thrust (MBT), placing the region in the highest seismic zone (Zone V) and making it highly vulnerable. The complex interaction along these fault lines, coupled with the region's geological setting, results in frequent seismic events. Along with a thorough review of available archival records in this study an attempt has been made to explain geologically the earthquake induced structures found within Quaternary deposits of Upper Assam.
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