Effects of Miraa (Khat) on Socio-Economic Outcomes in Wajir County

Miraa (khat) consumption poses significant socio-economic challenges in Kenya, particularly in Wajir County, diverting household income, exacerbating poverty, and reducing productivity. Approximately 4.1% of Kenyans aged 15-65 years are current khat users, with higher prevalence in Eastern and North Eastern regions. The habit affects not only individuals but also the broader workforce and community, leading to reduced economic output, increased poverty, and social inequality. This literature review examines the socio-economic negative effects of miraa consumption, highlighting its impact on household income, productivity, and mental health. The Wajir County Miraa and Other Substances Control Act, 2025, is a critical intervention aimed at regulating miraa trade, promoting responsible consumption, and providing rehabilitation services. Recommendations include regulating miraa trade, banning muguka, promoting alternative livelihoods, and conducting awareness campaigns to mitigate the socio-economic consequences of miraa consumption.