Persepsi Pelancong Muslim terhadap Aplikasi Realiti Luasan (AR) Berbahasa Arab Berasaskan Prinsip Etika Imam al-Ghazālī (1058-1111 M.) di Selangor, Malaysia

This quantitative study examined the integration of Imam al-Ghazālī’s spiritual principles of travel (ādāb al-safar) into digital Islamic tourism through an Arabic-based Augmented Reality (AR) application designed for Muslim tourists in Selangor. This study assessed Muslim travellers’ perceptions of AR technology that incorporates Arabic linguistic features and spiritual values grounded in imam al-Ghazālī’s concept of tazkiyah al-nafs (spiritual purification). A structured survey was administered to 400 respondents, comprising local and international Muslim tourists visiting key Islamic heritage sites in Selangor, Malaysia. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation tests. The findings indicated strong acceptance of AR technology in enhancing spiritual reflection, engagement with the Arabic language, and appreciation of Islamic cultural heritage during tourism activities. Furthermore, a significant correlation was identified between AR immersion and the perceived depth of inner spiritual experience. This study concluded that intergrating imam al-Ghazālī’s ethical framework into AR-based Islamic tourism has the potential to foster a more holistic and spiritually conscious form of digital travel.