Two types of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) index discrepancies are associated with insufficient weight reduction after sleeve gastrectomy in adult patients with obesity: a retrospective study

Abstract Introduction Obesity is a major global health concern. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects. Further, intelligence quotient (IQ) is an important factor in obesity; however, full-scale IQ is not associated with weight reduction after LSG. IQ and IQ index score discrepancies are also important when considering IQ tests. However, the relationship between IQ or IQ index score discrepancies and weight reduction after bariatric surgery remains unexplored. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between IQ index score discrepancies and weight reduction following LSG. Methods In total, 204 patients with obesity who underwent LSG and were followed up for 12 months were retrospectively reviewed. The relationship between IQ, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) index score discrepancy, and various clinical parameters, particularly weight reduction, after LSG was analyzed. A logistic regression analysis was performed. Results The percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) was 64.2 (49.6–84.5%) 12 months post-LSG. IQ scores were not associated with preoperative body mass index. However, patients with WAIS index score discrepancies between the perceptual reasoning index (PRI), processing speed index (PSI), and working memory index (WMI) had low %EWL. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the existence of WAIS index score discrepancies between the PRI/WMI and PSI was associated with low %EWL post-LSG. Further, patients with WAIS index score discrepancies in the PRI > PSI group had significantly lower %EWL than those in the PRI < PSI group. Conclusion These results show that the existence of WAIS index score discrepancies between the PRI/WMI and PSI is associated with insufficient weight reduction after LSG in patients with obesity.