What does this research mean for the field?

A decrease in base excess, indicating acidosis, is associated with elevated Gensini scores in patients with coronary artery disease. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.NOVEL_FINDING. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

What question did this study set out to answer?

The research aims to assess how base excess (BE) correlates with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD).

January 10, 2026Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research0 citationsOpen Access

Tendency to acidosis or alkalosis: Which one is associated with coronary artery disease?

AAAlireza Amirzadegan EMElahia MohseniTehran University of Medical Sciences HAHassan AghajaniTehran University of Medical Sciences

Key Result

A decrease in base excess, indicating acidosis, was significantly correlated with elevated Gensini scores in patients with coronary artery disease (β: -0.04, P=0.027).

Key Points

The research aims to assess how base excess (BE) correlates with the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD).
Cross-sectional design with patients aged 18 and older designated for coronary angiography.
Collected demographic and clinical data from medical records.
Performed blood gas analysis on arterial blood samples prior to contrast injection.
Calculated Gensini score to evaluate severity of CAD.
351 patients were analyzed, with a mean age of 60.79 years and 55.3% being male.
Decreased BE correlates significantly with higher Gensini scores (β: -0.04; P=0.027).
Negative BE values show a strong inverse relationship with Gensini scores (β=-0.05; P<0.001).
No significant effect of BE on zero Gensini scores (P=0.843).

Structured PICO

Is peripheral blood base excess associated with the severity of coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography?

Population

351 adults (aged ≥18 years) who were candidates for coronary angiography, mean age 60.79, 55.3% male.

Intervention

Peripheral blood base excess (BE) measurement from arterial blood sample

Outcome

Severity of coronary artery disease as measured by the Gensini scoresurrogate

Lower base excess (tending toward acidosis) is significantly associated with greater severity of coronary artery disease as measured by the Gensini score.

Main Result

Absolute Event Rate: 0% vs 0%

Abstract

Introduction: Base excess (BE) is an indicator of non-respiratory acid-base imbalances, which can impact coronary artery disease (CAD). This study evaluated the association between the severity of CAD and peripheral blood BE. Methods: This cross-sectional study included patients aged 18 and older who were candidates for coronary angiography. Demographic and clinical data were collected from medical records. Blood gas analysis was performed on a 2-millilitre arterial blood sample taken from the access artery before contrast injection. All patients underwent coronary angiography, and the Gensini score was calculated. Results: A total of 351 patients (194 males, 55.3%) were included in the study. The study population had a mean age of 60.79±9.5 and a mean BMI of 29.4±4.85. Coronary angiography revealed normal or minimal (<50% stenosis) findings in 51.3% of cases (15.4% with normal coronary arteries and 35.9% with minimal non-obstructive lesions), single-vessel disease in 17.4%, two-vessel disease in 14.5%, and three-vessel disease in 16.8%. Median Gensini score was 13.0, with an IQR of 3.5 and 49. The findings indicated that a decrease in BE was significantly correlated with elevated Gensini scores (β: -0.04; 95% CI: -0.08 to -0.01; P=0.027). However, BE did not significantly affect the Gensini score of 0 (P=0.843). Moreover, negative values of BE were significantly and inversely associated with the Gensini score (β=-0.05; 95% CI: -0.07 to -0.02, P<0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed an association between BE and CAD, suggesting that BE tending to acidosis is potentially associated with CAD.

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