Critical Review of Animal Studies on Holarrhena Antidysenterica (Kutaja)

Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall. (Apocynaceae), traditionally known as Kutaja, is a pivotal medicinal plant in Ayurveda, primarily indicated for gastrointestinal disorders such as Atisara (diarrhoea) and Pravahika (dysentery). This article provides a systematic and critical appraisal of published preclinical research, examining the efficacy, experimental models, and pharmacological outcomes of Kutaja in animal subjects. Evidence from various rodent models supports its antidiarrheal, antimalarial, antidiabetic, and wound-healing properties. The alkaloid conessine emerges as a significant bioactive lead.