ACC Inhibition by Lanatoside C: A Repurposed MASH Therapy

Introduction: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) is a growing global health concern, with only one FDA-approved therapy currently available. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibition has emerged as a promising strategy, yet effective and clinically translatable inhibitors remain limited. This study aimed to identify potential ACC inhibitors for MASH via drug repurposing. Methods: A small-molecule library was screened using structure-based virtual screening, and candidate compounds were validated in a free fatty acid-induced MASH cell model. Intracellular triglyceride (TG) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were measured, while quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate lipid metabolism- related gene expression. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to further evaluate binding stability. Results: Lanatoside C was identified as the most potent candidate. In vitro studies revealed significant reductions in TG and AST levels, downregulation of lipogenesis-related genes (SREBP1, FASN, ACC), and upregulation of fatty acid oxidation genes (CPT1A, ACOX1, FABP1). Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stable binding of Lanatoside C to ACC. Discussion: These findings indicate that Lanatoside C exerts dual regulatory effects on lipid metabolism by suppressing fatty acid synthesis and enhancing oxidation. As an FDA-approved cardiac glycoside, Lanatoside C’s known pharmacological profile supports its potential repositioning for MASH, although further in vivo studies and mechanistic validation are warranted. Conclusion: Lanatoside C demonstrates promise as a repurposed ACC inhibitor for MASH treatment, offering a cost-effective repurposing strategy to advance therapeutic options for MASH.