Abstract Background: Preterm labour, defined as the onset of regular uterine contractions leading to cervical changes before 37 completed weeks of gestation, remains a major contributor to perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite significant advances in obstetric and neonatal care, preterm birth continues to account for approximately 70–80% of neonatal deaths and nearly half of long-term neurological disabilities. The etiopathogenesis of preterm labour is multifactorial, involving complex interactions between maternal, fetal, and placental factors such as intrauterine infection, inflammation, uteroplacental insufficiency, cervical incompetence, and multiple gestations. The burden is particularly higher in developing countries, where late antenatal booking, low socioeconomic status, malnutrition, and inadequate access to tertiary neonatal care compound the risks. Results: Majority were 21–25 years, primigravidae, and booked cases. Most presented at 34–36 weeks with iatrogenic causes and PROM as common risk factors. Vaginal delivery (66%) was the common mode, with PGE₂ gel used for induction. Maternal complications were minimal and no deaths occurred. Live births (92%) predominated, though 36% neonates required NICU care for issues like RDS and jaundice. Conclusion: Abruptio placentae remains a major obstetric emergency contributing to perinatal morbidity and mortality. Early identification of high-risk factors such as hypertension and PROM is crucial for prevention. Prompt resuscitation, stabilization, and timely delivery can significantly improve outcomes. In this study, maternal outcomes were favourable due to early referral and appropriate management. However, perinatal outcome depended mainly on gestational age and severity at presentation, emphasizing the need for better antenatal surveillance and neonatal care facilities.
International Journal of Medical Science and Advanced Clinical Research (IJMACR) (Sun,) studied this question.