What question did this study set out to answer?

To describe the occurrence of cauda equina syndrome as a complication following vaginoplasty with epidural analgesia.

January 20, 2026Open Access

Unforeseen Complications: Cauda Equina Syndrome After Vaginoplasty Combined With Epidural Analgesia

TSToni SeppäläUniversity of Helsinki KOKaisu OjalaHelsinki University Hospital

Key Points

To describe the occurrence of cauda equina syndrome as a complication following vaginoplasty with epidural analgesia.
Case report on a postoperative patient
Epidural catheter placement for pain management
Monitoring for postoperative complications
Patient developed symptoms of cauda equina syndrome post-surgery
Symptoms included neurological deficits possibly linked to epidural anesthesia
Complication suggests a need for caution in similar surgeries with epidurals

Abstract

ABSTRACT This case describes the first postoperative complication of cauda equina syndrome following gender affirmation surgery. Postoperatively, an epidural catheter was placed for pain management. Despite its intended benefits, the patient developed symptoms of cauda equina syndrome, a rare but serious neurological condition possibly related to epidural anesthesia and lithotomy position.

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