This work introduces the Spatial Energy Accumulation Model (SEAM), a fully covariant, rate-based theoretical framework in which energy emerges from vacuum–matter interaction regulated by General Relativity. A single derived constant, the Petranović rate νₚ = 1.1341 × 10⁻²⁵ Hz, governs cumulative energy accumulation along proper time, with gravity acting as a relativistic temporal regulator that suppresses runaway growth. SEAM reproduces the phenomenology of galactic rotation curves without invoking particle dark matter or modifying Einstein’s field equations. The model predicts a linear accumulated-mass term proportional to orbital age and makes three hard, falsifiable predictions involving age-ordered rotation-curve residuals, radius monotonicity, and cross-galaxy invariance. The paper includes a Tier-Ω⁺ preregistered falsification protocol, cosmological safety limits (BBN, recombination, structure formation), and explicit statistical comparison against ΛCDM, MOND, and emergent-gravity baselines. This Zenodo upload represents the definitive theoretical release of SEAM (v5.0), fully documented and ready for independent empirical testing.
Jurica Petranović (Sun,) studied this question.