Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Discussion paper examines ethical and medical aspects of genital surgery in individuals with DSD, suggesting patient-centered care reforms.
The European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions (Endo-ERN) needs to take a cautious and evidence-based position regarding needs for genital surgery in individuals with Differences in Sex Development (DSD). Given the multi-ERN coverage of DSD, the focus of our network is on rare endocrine care concerns in such surgeries and ensuring Endo-ERN's position aligns with the broader European emphasis on human rights, ethical medical practices, and patient-centred care. This discussion paper addresses the ethical, medical, and legal considerations surrounding genital surgery in individuals with DSD conditions in Europe. It advocates for a shift towards patient-centred care that prioritizes the rights and well-being of individuals with DSD conditions, particularly infants and children. The recommendations emphasize deferring non-urgent surgeries with irreversible effects until the individual can provide informed consent whenever possible, strengthening support systems for families, and promoting a standardized European framework that respects human rights, with clearly defined quality indicators and multidisciplinary care.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Grinten et al. (2026) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: