E3 ubiquitin ligase trim36 targets ddx3x for degradation to reprogram macrophage polarization and ameliorate tubal factor infertility in rats

Liang Shao; Nansu Wang; Yan Yan; Can Zhao; Yali Tan; Qin Wu; Qiongfang Tan; Yuying Huang; Ling Liu

doi:10.1007/s10565-026-10140-z

January 19, 2026Cell Biology and ToxicologyOpen Access

E3 ubiquitin ligase trim36 targets ddx3x for degradation to reprogram macrophage polarization and ameliorate tubal factor infertility in rats

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Key Points

The aim is to explore how TRIM36 influences DDX3X to affect macrophage behavior and tubal factor infertility.
Identified TRIM36 as an E3 ligase through experimental assays.
Examined the relationship between TRIM36 and DDX3X in macrophages.
Assessed the impact on macrophage polarization in vitro and in vivo models.
Evaluated tubal factor infertility outcomes in rats after modulating TRIM36 activity.
TRIM36 promotes DDX3X degradation leading to enhanced M2 macrophage polarization.
Modification of macrophage polarization positively correlates with improved infertility outcomes in the models.
Targeting the TRIM36/DDX3X axis could represent a new therapeutic strategy for treating tubal factor infertility.

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Implication

Novel E3 ligase TRIM36 drives macrophage polarization and improves tubal factor infertility, suggesting therapeutic potential.

Abstract

This study identifies TRIM36 as a novel E3 ligase that targets DDX3X for proteasomal degradation, thereby driving macrophage M2 polarization and ameliorating TFI. The TRIM36/DDX3X axis may provide a promising therapeutic target for TFI treatment.

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Shao et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69706c87b6488063ad5c1959 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10565-026-10140-z

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E3 ubiquitin ligase trim36 targets ddx3x for degradation to reprogram macrophage polarization and ameliorate tubal factor infertility in rats

Key Points

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Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

E3 ubiquitin ligase trim36 targets ddx3x for degradation to reprogram macrophage polarization and ameliorate tubal factor infertility in rats

Key Points

Ask about this paper

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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