Twenty Years of Microfluidic Probes and Open-Space Microfluidics: From Origins to Emerging Directions

Key Points

• The aim is to review the developments in microfluidic probes and their applications in fluid handling on biointerfaces.
• Literature review of microfluidic probe innovations
• Analysis of hydrodynamic flow confinement techniques
• Evaluation of applications in biological contexts
• Microfluidic probes show enhanced fluid delivery capabilities on biological surfaces.
• Open-space microfluidics allows for contact-free manipulation of fluids.
• Emerging applications indicate potential for diagnostics and therapeutics.