Frontiers and literature review on non-aspiration stroke-associated infections

Stroke-associated infection (SAI) is a significant complication of stroke, with approximately 30% of stroke patients developing infections, primarily respiratory and urinary tract infections. These infections can severely impact prognosis and increase the economic burden. While dysphagia is a known independent risk factor for stroke-associated pneumonia, research shows that stroke patients without aspiration or related risk factors, such as dysphagia and impaired consciousness, also exhibit a high incidence of non-aspiration stroke-associated infections (NA-SAI). This comprehensive article meticulously examines and reviews the risk factors, pathophysiological underpinnings, and therapeutic strategies for NA-SAI, with the aim of enhancing clinicians' comprehension and management of this condition.