The role of neutrophils and proinflammatory cytokines in the mechanism of inflammatory bowel diseases - what have we learned from experimental models of colitis in rodents?

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation, immune dysregulation and altered microbiota. This review underscores the significance of rodent models of experimental colitis in understanding the complex interplay between intestinal inflammation with special focus to contribution of neutrophils, proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, intestinal microbiota as well as other disorders associated with IBD, such as neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets and underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, the review identified interleukin-8 (IL-8) as a key factor of inflammation and by compiling experimental results and reviewing literature from databases such as PubMed and Medline, it provided a comprehensive overview of the influence of the immune system and intestinal microbiota on IBD and proposed targeted therapies to better treat the disease.