Intelligent Battery Architecture Based on Endogenous Self-Healing and Active State Regulation | 基于内生自愈与主动状态调控的智能电池架构

[English Abstract]Current energy storage technologies face a physical "Berlin Wall." While lithium-ion batteries approach their chemical bond limits, they remain trapped in the "Impossible Triangle" of energy density, safety, and cycle life. This white paper announces a paradigm shift beyond traditional material chemistry. We introduce Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) and Cybernetics into battery design to create a smart platform that "harnesses" rather than "fights" physical changes. The proposed architecture consists of three core pillars:1. Smart Anode Platform: A mechanically intelligent MEMS structure that converts the destructive volume expansion energy of lithium deposition into useful megapascal-level pressure, physically realizing dynamic compaction of "dead lithium" and topological suppression of dendrites.2. Active State Control Engine: Utilizing phase-change materials (e.g., VO₂), the battery acts as controllable hardware, switching between a high-performance "Active State" (~807 Wh/kg) and an intrinsically safe "Dormant State" within milliseconds.3. 3D Suspension Architecture: A specialized electrode structure that decouples macro-thickness from micro-kinetics via a "solid-to-fluid" design and redox-mediated mechanisms, enabling ultra-high areal capacities (>20 mAh/cm²). This architecture aims to evolve the battery from a passive chemical consumable into an intelligent, self-healing MEMS device, providing the only viable physical path for eVTOL, long-duration grid storage, and deep space exploration. ------------------------------------------------------------[中文摘要]面对锂金属负极体积膨胀这一“阿喀琉斯之踵”,储能技术正站在物理学的十字路口。本白皮书宣告了一种超越“纯材料化学”范式的全新解决方案。我们引入“微机电系统 (MEMS)”与“控制论”的设计思想,构建了一个具备“生物级”适应能力的智能电池平台。 核心支柱包括:1. 智能负极平台 (Smart Anode Platform): 利用精密设计的“肌肉-骨骼”耦合结构,将锂沉积时的膨胀能转化为高达兆帕级的内生自愈压力。2. 主动状态调控引擎 (Active State Control Engine): 引入相变材料(VO₂),使电池在高性能“工作态”与本征安全“休眠态”之间毫秒级切换。3. 三维悬浮电极架构 (3D Suspension Architecture): 通过“化固为流”的流变学设计与氧化还原介导机制,实现 >20 mAh/cm² 的超高面容量。