Neurosurgery for pediatric epilepsy: Evidence from a systematic review on neuropsychological, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes

While epilepsy surgery in pediatric populations can lead to neuropsychological, cognitive and behavioral improvements, outcomes remain heterogeneous, reflecting both variability in clinical presentation and the current state of evidence. The available evidence highlights the need to improve methodological quality and reporting standards. Well-designed prospective multicenter trials with adequate follow-up for long-term outcomes are essential to accurately assess outcomes. Establishing standardized core outcome measures across centers would facilitate higher quality evidence and support more informed decision-making for clinicians, patients, and families regarding surgical intervention and expected post-operative trajectories.