Key result
NLRP3, IL-1β, and TLR4 emerge as effective biomarkers associated with PANoptosis in MI.
Why the study?
The relevance of PANoptosis to myocardial infarction is unknown, prompting an investigation to identify related biomarkers and pathogenic mechanisms.
NLRP3, IL-1β, and TLR4 are identified as potential PANoptosis-related biomarkers in myocardial infarction, highlighting the role of monocytes/macrophages in this process.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Hypothesis-generating for PANoptosis biomarkers in MI; prospective human studies needed before clinical adoption.
The relevance of PANoptosis, a new programmed cell death discovered recently, to myocardial infarction (MI) is unknown. This study aims to identify biomarkers associated with PANoptosis in MI and pathogenic mechanisms. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of MI were obtained firstly. PANoptosis-related genes (PRGs) were obtained from the Genecard database. PANoptosis-related DEGs (PRDEGs) were obtained by taking a cross between DEGs and PRGs. Functional enrichment analysis was performed on PRDEGs. Single-cell analysis was performed to identify cell clusters related to PANoptosis. After merging DEGs and PRGs, 3 candidate genes were obtained: IL-1β, NLRP3 and toll-like receptor 4 . Both nomogram and receiver operating characteristic curves showed good clinical efficacy for all 3 candidate genes. Enrichment analysis indicated that these 3 genes are participating in inflammatory pathways including NF-κB. Single-cell analysis revealed that these 3 genes were predominantly expressed in monocytes/macrophages. Monocytes/Macrophages from MI patients and controls were differently distributed on the differentiation trajectories of the pseudotime analysis. Monocytes/Macrophages from MI patients were less likely to be involved in cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis, muscle tissue morphogenesis, and other processes. Monocytes/Macrophages are associated with PANoptosis in MI. And NLRP3, IL-1β, and toll-like receptor 4 may be important biomarkers for this process.
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Que et al. (2026) studied Myocardial infarction. PANoptosis-related genes (IL-1β, NLRP3, toll-like receptor 4) vs. Controls was evaluated on Identification of PANoptosis-related biomarkers. Bioinformatics and single-cell analyses identified NLRP3, IL-1β, and toll-like receptor 4 as key PANoptosis-related biomarkers in myocardial infarction, predominantly expressed in monocytes/macrophages.
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