Objective: To investigate the potential link between chromosomal polymorphisms in couples who had a medical history of idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss. Methods: Cytogenetic investigation was conducted with mitogen (Phytohemagglutinin-M, Gibco) stimulated blood T lymphocytes by Giemsa trypsin Giemsa banding and Ag-NOR banding on 580 couples with a history of idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss and 240 couples from the general population. Thirty good chromosomal spreads were captured, karyotyped, and analyzed. The karyotypes were designated using the International System for Human Cytogenomic Nomenclature 2024. Pearson Chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of chromosomal polymorphism variations in the idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss group with the general population group. Results: A conventional cytogenetic investigation revealed that 45.43% of couples experiencing idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss presented with various types of chromosomal polymorphic variants, compared to 11.88% in the general population. The overall frequency of these chromosomal polymorphic variants was significantly higher in the idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss group compared to the general population group ( OR 9.97, 95% CI 6.9914.21; P <0.05). Additionally, the prevalence of polymorphic variants was higher among males (49.14%) than females (41.72%) ( P =0.01). Conclusions: Chromosomal polymorphic analysis may play a crucial role in the assessment and careful clinical management of cases with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss, especially when no other conclusive reasons are identified during the initial evaluation. Therefore, heteromorphism should not be overlooked while investigating the causes of idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss.
Patel et al. (Thu,) studied this question.