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February 2, 2026F1000Research0 citationsOpen Access

High Measles Complication Rates and Vaccine Breakthroughs Among Pediatric Cases in Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study

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AMAbdulla Ammar M.University of AnbarMKMothana Ali KhalilUniversity of AnbarAMAbdullah Essam MohammedUniversity of Anbar

Key Points

  • This investigation aims to understand measles complications and vaccination effectiveness in Iraq's pediatric population.
  • Cross-sectional study design.
  • Enrolled 200 laboratory-confirmed measles cases.
  • Vaccination status verified through immunization cards.
  • Statistical analyses using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression.
  • 71% of cases were vaccine breakthrough infections.
  • Severe complications included pneumonia (77%) and diarrhea (73%).
  • Unvaccinated children had 3.2 times higher odds of pneumonia.
  • Disease burden was higher in rural regions (58%).

Abstract

Background Measles constitutes a substantial public health concern in Iraq. Despite concerted efforts to achieve elimination in accordance with World Health Organization targets, comprehensive understanding of its epidemiological patterns and vaccine effectiveness remains critically important. Objectives This investigation aimed to: (1) assess the relationship between age and clinical manifestations among measles patients; (2) evaluate Iraq’s progress toward measles elimination objectives; and (3) identify immunization coverage gaps. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 200 laboratory-confirmed measles cases (serological or molecular confirmation) from Ramadi Teaching Hospital, Al-Anbar Province, Iraq, during January 2023 to March 2024. Vaccination status was verified through official refrigerator immunization cards. Statistical analyses employed chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression to adjust for potential confounding variables. Results Among 200 confirmed measles cases, 32% were infants aged

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Cite This Study

M. et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6980fcb6c1c9540dea80e874https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.173528.1
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