A Systematic Review of the Causes and Treatment Methods of Gum Recession

The widespread prevalence of gum recession, accompanied by hypersensitivity and exposure of tooth roots, has a significant negative impact on both oral health and the patients' general condition and quality of life. This pathology leads not only to an aesthetic defect and pain but also increases the risk of root caries and other dental complications, requiring timely and comprehensive diagnosis and treatment. Subject of the study – current data on the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and treatment methods of periodontal diseases of the oral cavity in adults. Objective. Comprehensive analysis and synthesis of current scientific and statistical data on recession and gum hypersensitivity, exposing the roots of teeth. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of searching and studying original articles on the key causes of gum hypersensitivity, root exposure and recessions, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of modern methods of their treatment and prevention in databases: Russian State Library, eLibrary, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Google Scholar. The main selection of materials was carried out by keywords. The publications published between 2015 and 2025, available in full text, and evaluated for suitability, were considered. The search depth was 10 years. Results. An integrated and individual approach is required, targeting not only the elimination of symptoms but also the underlying cause. Conclusions. The most effective and stable results are achieved by combining various methods (conservative and surgical), as well as through careful individualization of the treatment plan for each specific patient, taking into account the etiology and clinical picture.