What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to classify RSA public keys using a new methodology based on algorithmic compression signatures.

February 2, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Model P3 (Compression Proxy): Passive RSA Key Classification via Algorithmic Compression Signatures

Key Points

The aim is to classify RSA public keys using a new methodology based on algorithmic compression signatures.
Developed Model P3 for passive classification of RSA public keys.
Validated results with 150 real-time generated samples.
Analyzed compression ratios using ZLIB, Zstd, and Brotli algorithms.
Identified a Universal Scaling Law applicable across multiple algorithms.
Established reliable compression ratios for RSA-2048 (R ≈ 1.043), RSA-3072 (R ≈ 1.029), and RSA-4096 (R ≈ 1.021).
Validated the variance as negligible (σ ≈ 0), ensuring the classifier's reliability.
Demonstrated utility for operational reconnaissance optimization.

Abstract

This comprehensive paper presents Model P3 (Compression Proxy), a methodology for passive classification of RSA public keys based on Algorithmic Compression Signatures (ACS). We validate that the compression ratio of a raw RSA modulus is not a stochastic variable, but a deterministic function of the key size and the fixed overhead of the compression algorithm (ZLIB, Zstd, or Brotli). Through rigorous experimental validation with N=150 samples generated in real-time, we demonstrate a Universal Scaling Law across multiple algorithms. The results fill the spectral gap with precision: RSA-2048 (R ≈ 1.043), RSA-3072 (R ≈ 1.029), and RSA-4096 (R ≈ 1.021). The variance was negligible (σ ≈ 0), establishing the metric as a reliable classifier for asset inventory. From an adversarial perspective, we demonstrate the tool's utility for Operational Reconnaissance Optimization rather than direct exploitation.

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